Treatment developments, brain imaging studies, and results of pharmacological research elicit revision of related pathological theories to Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and new research patterns. One of the important and alluring new research patterns under the neurobiological approach corresponding to the pathology and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is animal models which are used in this disorder. Insomuch, many endeavors have been applied in order to expand animal models of OCD during recent 30 years. In the hope of, increasing our understanding and knowledge about pathology as well as the treatment of this disorder. By considering the methodology of developing obsessive behaviors in animals, OCD animal models are divided into three classifications behavioral, pharmacological, and genetic. Research and studies using different animal models indicate the role of the serotonin neurotransmitter particularly the 5-HT2c receptor, the Dopamine neurotransmitter particularly the D1 and D2 receptors, and at the less level the role of the NMDA receptor of the Glutamate neurotransmitter in the pathology of OCD disorder.